PLO Department of Negotiation Affairs
"Jerusalem is the capital of Israel. Jerusalem has always been and will be ours and must never be divided again "(Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu) " ... all legislative and administrative measures and actions taken by Israel, the occupying power seeking to alter the character of the City Holy Jerusalem have no legal validity and constitute a flagrant violation of la Cuarta Convención de Ginebra” (Resolución del Consejo de Seguridad de Naciones Unidas 476) [2]
· Introducción
La decisión tomada por la Organización para la Cooperación Económica y el Desarrollo (OECD, por sus siglas en inglés) de tener la Conferencia de su Comité de Turismo en Jerusalem (Octubre 20 – 22) es visto por el Ministerio de Turismo Israelí como un reconocimiento por parte de los países de la OECD de la anexión israelí de Jerusalén. La decisión tomada por el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Israel de mantener la reunión en Jerusalén (independiente de la petición de la OECD de realizar la reunión in Tel Aviv) reaffirms the view of the Ministry of Tourism.
When performing a high-level multilateral meeting in Jerusalem, the OECD legitimizes the illegal annexation of East Jerusalem occupied by Israel and the Israeli claim to have Jerusalem as its "eternal and undivided capital," a look that is not recognized by the international community and international law. In fact, the Security Council United Nations has repeatedly called for its members not to recognize Jerusalem as Israel's capital.
The paper then documents some questions and answers to some questions concerning the status of Jerusalem.
• How was divided between East and West Jerusalem?
During the nineteenth century, Palestinian families in Jerusalem's Old City began to move outside the city wall. At that time, Jerusalem was an open and shared with no division between the eastern and the western. A number of neighborhoods were founded, including Bab al Zahrah, Talbiya, Katamon and Baqa '. These neighborhoods were added to other areas such as Ma'mar oldest Allah (Mamillah), Ein Karem, Sheikh Jarrah, Mount of Olives, Silwan, Lifta and Al Malha. In those places there was an active social life, political, economic and cultural Palestinian serving as a link between the heart of Jerusalem, the Old City, and other Palestinian areas such as Bethlehem, Ramallah, Jericho, Lydd, Ramleh and Jaffa.
Partition Plan of 1947 United Nations [3] decided to divide the country. The areas now known as East Jerusalem and the West (and surrounding areas) would be internationally administered as a separate entity (Corpus Separatum). In 1948, Israel invaded and occupied 84% of the municipal area of \u200b\u200bJerusalem (16.45 square kilometers). Palestinian national forces, supported by Jordanian troops, Israel arrested occupy 11.5% of the municipal area of \u200b\u200bJerusalem to 1948 (2.25 km squares), including the Old City. The remaining 4.5% of Jerusalem to 1948 went on to become no man's land "(" no-man's land. ")
What Israel took by force in 1948 became West Jerusalem, while the area left in the east of the city under Arab control was called East Jerusalem.
• What happened to the Palestinians from West Jerusalem?
After the catastrophe of 1948, most of the Palestinians (with the exception of a few families protected by foreign missions) were displaced in West Jerusalem and property was taken by the newly emerged State of Israel. The land was given to the Custodian of Absentee Property and the Jewish National Fund. These institutions redistributed the property to Israeli citizens, public institutions, and public infrastructure projects.
By 1948, about 36% of what is now West Jerusalem was owned by individuals Palestinian Christians and Muslims, while Christian institutions were 7% and the Islamic Waqf in 1%. Jewish Property arrived approximately 31%. The rest was divided between public institutions and infrastructure that would serve the local population and as foreign missions. • What is the current status of Jerusalem?
After the 1967 occupation, Israel unilaterally and illegally annexed East Jerusalem. Having been displaced and dispossessed of their lands and properties in the area west of the city in 1948, Palestinians in Jerusalem have been, since 1967, discrimination in the areas of their residency rights, construction, economic, political, religious and cultural.
Israel has tried to change the multicultural identity of Jerusalem, making it an exclusively Jewish city by creating conditions that force people Palestinian Christians and Muslims to leave the city. Israel has tried to accomplish this goal through a variety of media, including the expansion of Jewish settlements, revocation of residency rights to Palestinians, house demolitions, evictions, restrictions on movement and construction of the Wall around the city separating Jerusalem from the rest of the Occupied Palestinian Territory.
• What does the United Nations about the status of Jerusalem?
The UN has repeatedly called for its member states not to recognize the Israeli annexation of Jerusalem. The Security Council Resolution 478 United Nations, adopted after the declaration Israeli basic law that Jerusalem is its "eternal and indivisible capital", states "all legislative and administrative measures and actions taken by Israel, the occupying Power, which have altered or attempt to alter the character and status of the Holy City Jerusalem and particularly the recent 'basic law' on Jerusalem, are null and void and must be revoked immediately. " The resolution calls on all member states to accept the decision and withdraw their diplomatic missions to Israel from Jerusalem.
· Are diplomatic missions in Jerusalem?
The only diplomatic representations in the city are the consulates that existed before 1948 (Spain, Britain, France, Greece, Turkey, Sweden, Italy, USA, Belgium and the Vatican). Its legal basis is the Corpus Separatum 1947 and are considered as representing their countries to the Palestinian Authority. In accordance with Security Council Resolution 478, there is currently no representation for Israel embassies in Jerusalem (the last embassies in the city, Costa Rica and El Salvador, were moved to Tel Aviv 2006).
• What does the International Court of Justice?
In 2004, the Advisory Opinion of the Court Of Justice (ICJ) on the Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory stated that "the construction of the Wall being built by Israel, the occupying Power, in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including in and around East Jerusalem, and its associated regime are contrary to international law, "adding that" all States are under an obligation not to recognize the illegal situation resulting from the construction of the Wall and not to provide assistance in maintaining the situation created by such construction. " The wall effectively separates Jerusalem from the rest of occupied Palestinian territory and aims to consolidate the illegal annexation by Israel occupied East Jerusalem.
• The OECD has decided that the Conference on Tourism has to be done only in West Jerusalem is there any difference to Israel between East Jerusalem and West?
According to the Basic Law Jerusalem Capital of Israel "Jerusalem, complete and united, is the capital of Israel." As such, Israel does not differentiate between West Jerusalem and East Jerusalem annexed illegally occupied after the 1967 war. Therefore, as an intergovernmental organization governed by international law and Security Council resolutions, the OECD should not have an international conference in Jerusalem without making sure that Israel rescind its Basic Law, laws and policies and recognizes the status of Jerusalem as occupied Orient.
• What chance the Palestinians have failed to recognize West Jerusalem as Israel's capital?
Only after a comprehensive permanent status agreement resolving all issues. The Palestinian vision of peace includes Jerusalem as a shared open city with free access to holy places, and Palestinian sovereignty over East Jerusalem and Israeli sovereignty over West Jerusalem. However, to make this vision become reality, Israel must recognize that Jerusalem East is part and parcel of the occupied Palestinian territory and the future Palestinian state and the rights of Palestinian property in West Jerusalem and the right of Palestinian refugees to return to their homes there.
Source: Rebellion
related post: IU asked the government to explain its support for the tourism conference in Jerusalem without taking into account Israel's violations of the legality
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